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Background:In leprosy nerve function impairment may result from pathological and immunological processes that take place in peripheral nerves. Prevalence rate of leprosy in India is 0.81 per 10,000 populations. The study was undertaken to determine the status of nerve function impairment at the time of registration for therapy in new leprosy patients.Methods:History of the patients was taken and clinical examinations were performed and they were assisted for nerve function impairment by performing sensory test and voluntary muscle power. Results:The most commonly affected nerve by function impairment was theposterior tibial, followed by the ulnar nerve. In the present study 29% patients had grade 1 disability and 10% had grade 2 disabilities.Conclusions:The loss of nerve function and incapacitating deformities occurring in a small proportion of leprosy patients result in serious social and psychological impact in their quality of life. Therefore,early detection of nerve function impairment is needed to avoid complications and better management of leprosy.
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Background: Histopathological examination is most commonly needed and used investigation in dermatology. The main objective of this study is to share our experience with skin lesions from a tertiary health Centre by describing the histopathological patterns of 675 consecutive cases.Methods: The study was retrospective and was conducted in those patients who attended the OPD. A total of 675 cases were sent for histopathological examination. Further they were classified into various histological categories based on the site and pattern of involvement. Inclusion criteria involves all skin biopsies sent for histopathology examination, exclusion criteria was none.Results: Most common histopathological entity was infectious disease with 22.52% cases leading in this study. Out of which Hansen disease is on top with 16.29% which was followed by cutaneous tuberculosis with 3.70% (25) cases. Second most common group was of psoriasiform reactions with 9.77% cases. In this group most common disorder was psoriasis vulgaris with 5.92% (40) cases. Third and fourth most common group were spongiotic dermatitis and lichenoid dermatitis which presented with 9.18% and 9.03% cases with a minimal difference of 1 case.Conclusions: A huge diversity in skin lesions was noticed in our study ranging from nonspecific dermatitis to malignant melanoma conditions. There was a younger age predominance regarding the patient presentation. Hansen’s disease still remains a single entity in India for which skin biopsy are required.
ABSTRACT
An aberrant pharmacodynamics responses to neuromuscular blocking drugs(NMBD)in burn patients increases the potential for lethal hyperkalemia with the administration of depolarizing muscle relaxant eg:succinylcholine and 2.5–5 folds increase in the dose of plasma concentration requirement for non–depolarizing muscle relaxants like :D–tubocurarine,metacurine,pancuronium,atracurium,vecuronium.Therefore Rocuronium may be the drug of choice in burn patients.This study was planned to assess the onset time and intubating conditions with two different doses of rocuronium in patients with thermal injury.It was concluded that in non–burn patient onset time(loss of response to TOF) was 85.5�4.8 sec with a dose of 0.9 mg/kg as compared to 1.2 mg/kg it was 60.55�70.4,while in burn patients (more than 30% burn area) these values were 120.83�6.81 sec and 86.16�5.2 respectively.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Patients with Patau's syndrome (Trisomy 13) have multiple craniofacial, cardiac, neurological and renal anomalies with very less life expectancy. Among craniofacial anomalies cleft lip and palate are common. These craniofacial and cardiac anomalies present difficulties with anesthesia. We therefore describe the anesthetic management in the case of a Trisomy 13 child for operated for cleft lip at 10 months of age.
Resumo Os pacientes com síndrome de Patau (trissomia 13) apresentam várias anomalias craniofaciais, cardíacas, neurológicas e renais, com expectativa de vida bem menor. Entre as anomalias craniofaciais, o lábio leporino e a fenda palatina são comuns. Essas anomalias craniofaciais e cardíacas apresentam dificuldades na anestesia. Portanto, descrevemos o manejo anestésico em uma criança de 10 meses com trissomia 13 submetida à cirurgia de lábio leporino.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Cleft Lip/surgery , Anesthesia, General , Cleft Lip/complications , Trisomy 13 Syndrome/complicationsABSTRACT
The variation in origin of the testicular artery is not uncommon, few reports about a high origin from the abdominal aorta exist in the literature. The renal artery is known to exhibit variations in its number and position. The knowledge of this variation will help the radiologists and surgeons in avoiding clinical complication during interventions. During routine dissection teaching to first year MBBS students at Sapthagiri Medical College, Bangalore we found variation in vascular pattern of testicular and renal artery associated with renal cyst. Photographs of the variations were taken. There was high origin of left testicular artery and accessory left renal artery associated with bilateral simple renal cyst in adult Male cadaver aged around 60years.There was also prehilar division of right renal artery associated with renal cyst. Anomalies in the origin, course and number of testicular artery were observed in 4.7 percent of cases. Additional renal vessels are known as the accessory renal artery and their incidence varies between 9-76%. In the present case there was high origin of left testicular artery associated with accessory renal artery and renal cyst. This anatomical knowledge of the presence of accessory renal artery and high origin of testicular artery in this case is important for radiologists, surgeons and urologist in their clinical practice.
ABSTRACT
Mealybug was considered to be a minor pest of cotton but it emerged as a major pest in 2006-2007 in North and Central zones. Extensive field surveys conducted in cotton fields during 2007-09 in Haryana, Rajasthan and Punjab in the North zone and Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujarat in the Central zone indicated that Phenacoccus solenopsis was the only major species of mealybug recorded on cotton in North as well as Central zones except one location in Gujarat where Ferrisia virgata Cockerrel was also recorded. Infestation of mealybug at most of the places in North and Central zones ranged from mild (10-20%) to high (40-60%) during 2007 and 2008 but reduced to traces in 2009. Extensive field survey indicated that Aenasius bambawalei Hayat (Chalcidodea: Encyrtidae), an indigenous parasitoid, played a key role in reducing the insect pest infestation. The parasitoid was first recorded in Delhi in July 2008 and by 2009 it was found in most of the cotton growing districts of North and Central zones. Its natural parasitization on P. solenopsis could reach more than 90% at many locations. This is the most successful example of biological control of mealybug. Along with this parasitoid, another parasitoid, Promuscidea unfasciativentris Girault (Chalcidodea: Aphelinidae), was also recorded at most of the locations in smaller proportions.
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Achalasia of the esophagus is a rare problem in children. It has been reported in siblings of consanguineous parents. Allgrove or AAA (triple-A) syndrome is an autosomal recessive condition associated with adrenal insufficiency, alacrima and achalasia of the oesophagus. We present two siblings with familial achalasia and alacrima treated at 3 months and 9 years respectively.